A Novel Directional Antenna for Next-Generation Fare Payment System

The fare payment system for public transportation has developed from coins, paper tickets, magnetic strips, and pre-paid cards to new technologies such as Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Near Field Communication (NFC). Most systems are a fusion of NFC mobile payment. As the latest system, studies on gate-free technology without tag action in progress. several advantages, improving user convenience, eliminating congestion, preventing spread infectious diseases. We introduce using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) next-generation transportation. propose smart block structure analyze antenna this structure. A directional is required location detection multiple terminals zone, an satisfy requirements analyzed. stacked air-gap patch array that satisfies BLE performance high directivity been proposed within limited size. To compensate low bandwidth antenna, air gap added between radiator ground, gain increased by applying radiator. Based block, testbed installed, testing results presented.